A construção do conceito de algoritmo em livros didáticos de computação por meio da transposição didática externa.

Abstract

In Brazilian Basic Education, the textbook is most often the main pedagogical resource used by the teacher to stimulate the construction of knowledge by the students, thus, it is considered a guiding object in the teaching work and an important reference of studies for the student. Its use has advantages such as not requiring specific physical infrastructure to be used, being a material that can be reused and being distributed free of charge in public educational institutions. Furthermore, the textbook is designed with the intention of being a didactic version of scientific knowledge for educational purposes, aimed at the school public. This didactic approach, called External Didactic Transposition and proposed by Yves Chevallard, is an approach related to the transformation of scientific knowledge into teaching objects appropriate to the school environment in which it operates. Thus, in view of the national movement to insert computing teaching in Brazilian schools, the absence of specific textbooks for teaching computing, as well as the scarcity of studies on the didactic processes of scientific knowledge of computing, this research aimed to investigate the construction of the concept of algorithm in computing books (used at school) through External Didactic Transposition. For this, an investigation was carried out with a qualitative approach and a documental perspective, using the Content Analysis technique to analyze three computer books, among which, one was used as a conceptual reference. Thus, manifestations of External Didactic Transposition of the concept of algorithm were identified in the books that made the two plans of analysis of the research feasible, in the scientific domain and in the school domain, in addition, changes and simplifications were found that presuppose the existence of care so that the transposition of knowledge did not just carry out a summary of the original concept.