Lei Maria da Penha e rede de enfrentamento à violência contra mulheres: complexidade e multidimensionalidade

Abstract

In Brazil there is a high incidence of violence against women and existing public policies have not achieved the expected result. According to the Constitution, the State must ensure assistance to the family and the creation of mechanisms to curb violence. With the enactment of Law 11,340/06 appointed by Maria da Penha, the right of all women and those who identify with the female gender to live a life without violence was guaranteed. The Law obliges the State and society to protect women from domestic and family violence, regardless of age, social class, race, religion and any other discriminatory factor. However, many obstacles were identified to implement the legislation. Since then, it has been sought to recognize the functioning and repercussions of the protection network for women of the Maria da Penha Law. It was assumed that the Maria da Penha Law presents effective mechanisms for the prevention, protection and repression of the practice of domestic violence. Elements were researched to affirm the thesis that the construction of the network to face violence against women is complex and multidimensional. The general objective was defined: to carry out a multidisciplinary study on the functioning and repercussions of the women's protection network, after 15 years of enactment of the Law and to recognize its complexity and multifunctionality. In the specific objectives, the investigation dealt with the legislation for the protection of human rights and the universalist perspective of equal rights, if it has been sufficient to guarantee the desired equality in Salvador. The city of Salvador/BA was chosen to identify and analyze historical and statistical data. The research methodology was carried out through a bibliographic survey and bibliometric analysis. Emergency protectionist mechanisms and measures were analyzed, such as the organization of courts for domestic and family violence against women; the hiring of multidisciplinary teams to assist victims and their families, the expansion of conditions for red-handed and preventive arrest of the domestic aggressor, among other innovations, in the fight against this perverse phenomenon, which, despite advances, still causes daily victims in the city Salvador and on the national scene. The research focused on relevant achievements for protection and support, such as the Reference Center for Assistance to Women (CRAM), for multidisciplinary follow-up: legal, psychological, social, remote and pedagogical assistance for children who accompany victimized mothers. . The study of the protection network, of the organizations and services constituted by the public authorities, allowed the accomplishment of all the investigative objectives and revealed the complexity and multidimensionality of the phenomenon, confirming the thesis.