Estudo descritivo da população atendida no ambulatório de hipertensão pulmonar do HUPES/UFBA

Abstract

Introduction: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive chronic disease, commonly subdiagnosed, capable of generating serious systemic repercussions that impacts on the individual's functional capacity, and quality of life. Objectives: describe clinical and hemodynamic aspects of patients with PH followed at the pulmonology outpatient clinic of the Professor Edgard Santos University Hospital (HUPES), with an emphasis on severity criteria and adopted therapies. Methods: this is a retrospective descriptive study of patients with the age over 18 years, who had a diagnosis of PH and has been treated at the HUPES reference outpatient clinic between January 2021 and August 2023. For inclusion criteria was necesary that the patient underwent right heart catheterization, and presented the results. All the data used in this study was obtained through review of eletronical medical records. Results: the study was conducted through a total sample of 116 individuals, with a predominance of females, 69.2%, and an average age of 52.2 years. Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure had a median of 40.5 mmHg, and the median of pulmonary vascular resistance was 5.25 Woods. 35.9% of the study population was in the low risk category for PH, while only 2.6% was at high risk. 18.8% of individuals required home oxygen therapy. The main comorbidity among the individuals studied was Systemic Arterial Hypertension presented in 41.9%. The most used medication among study participants was Sidenafil / Tadalafil, used by 64.1% of the sample, as monotherapy or in combination. The main group of PH in the sample was Group I with 59%, whose main underlying cause was congenital heart disease. Regarding therapy, 15.9% of patients in this group did not use any drug to treat PH, while 42% continued on single drug therapy, and 39% used Sidenafil / Tadalafil and Bosentana / Ambrisentana as a combination. Conclusion: The predominance of women and the severity demonstrated by hemodynamic parameters and functional tests emphasize the need for a careful and personalized clinical approach. Furthermore, the coexistence of several comorbidities highlights the complexity of PH management and the importance of comprehensive therapeutic strategies.