Indicadores de sustentabilidade hídrica como apoio do enquadramento de corpos d’água em zonas de recarga – bacia do Recôncavo Norte e Inhabupe, Bahia.

Abstract

The implementation of programs to achieve the goals of water bodies is a complex process, which demands specific knowledge, mainly about the uses of water resources under great human pressure. The use of indicators, as support in monitoring compliance with water quality targets to meet the established framework, represents a management strategy that leads to the analysis of natural and anthropogenic interferences in the conditions of water resources. In this sense, the present study proposes a methodology for selecting water sustainability indicators, to support the implementation of programs and framing goals in stretches of recharge zones. This methodology was developed based on the hydrographic basins of the Joanes and Jacuípe rivers, in the state of Bahia. The technical and scientific bases covered the qualitative analysis of the study area; regulatory and management instruments for the framework process and; of existing studies to support the definition of sustainability indicators. This basis allowed: i) carrying out a comparative analysis of hydrological, hydrogeological, hydrochemical and hydrogeochemical aspects with representation in the recharge zones of the study area, ii) correlation of these aspects with the sustainability pillars, focusing on socioeconomic and environmental aspects, iii) application of the FPEIR model: Forces, Pressure, State, Impact and Response, considering the dimensions of water sustainability and, iv) equivalence relationship with the Programs' Effectiveness Indicators-IE to achieve the goals of water bodies , culminating in the definition of Water Sustainability Indicators, in Recharge Zones to monitor the implementation of the classification of water bodies (ISHs ZRENQUADRA). These steps resulted in the indication of 26 ISHs-ZRENQUADRA (8 hydrological, 4 hydrogeological, 4 hydrochemical, 3 hydrogeochemical, 3 related to river aquifer connectivity and 4 related to wastewater discharges) for the stretches of the Joanes and Jacuípe river basins. These 26 ISHs-ZRENQUADRA support the monitoring of compliance with the framework's goals, monitoring water availability (qualitative and quantitative), both for water use demands and for environmental preservation in the region. As a product, this study presents 2 (two) flowcharts with the methodological procedure, 9 (nine) tables prepared to obtain each group of indicators, and two monitoring sheets, created to visualize the generation and updating of data to support the indicator under evaluation. Therefore, the dissemination of this research is expected, with the transfer of technology and knowledge that will support the implementation of programs to classify water bodies and strengthen state and national water resources information systems.