Trajetórias de mulheres envolvidas no mercado de drogas

Abstract

It is undisputed that the female prison population has increased in recent years in Brazil. Overcrowding and insalubrity are endemic in the Brazilian prison system, in the face of both sexes. In absolute numbers, the number of men imprisoned is greater. However, the percentage of incarceration of women has increased in recent years. This work aims to address the factors that have contributed to the occurrence of this phenomenon in recent years in Brazil, with special emphasis on Bahia. With this aim, we verified, among the findings, how the selectivity of the penal system, as well as intersectionality, with regard to gender, race and social condition, are magnetized in the process of female imprisonment, with a deleterious effect on the lives of inmates and women. of their families, as the prison system tends to perpetuate forms of oppression historically supported by women, stigmatizing them, but they continue to resist. The methodology was based on field research focused on life trajectories of inmates of the prison system in Bahia, through qualitative research and open interviews, in an effort to move away from the male paradigm, to better see female performance in the criminal field, especially in the drug trafficking, with no intention of exalting crime, but with a special focus on the role of women, moving away from the preconceived idea of submission to the masculine. In this vein, we reaffirm the importance of analyzing social phenomena through a "gender lens", to understand how their influence on crime occurs. Thus, specificities of drug trafficking crimes committed by females were addressed, with research based on Critical Criminology, which seeks to explain why poor women, for the most part, make up the female incarceration. Environmental Criminology will also serve as a theoretical framework, especially the Theories of Rational Choice and Routine Activities, through which we conclude that the environment and The routines to which women are subjected, differentiated from those of men, due to historical issues, contribute to “criminal opportunities” that are also different, so that the “option” for drug trafficking is due to a rational choice, as well as thus a way of resisting, even if not consciously, the forms of oppression to which women are subjected. these women traffickers end up reproducing male examples of oppression.