A lei de natureza e o estado civil na perspectiva de John Locke

Abstract

The present work expatiate about the State of John Locke, in the light of the conception of the law of nature found in the philosophy of John Locke, divided into three parts. In the first chapter, we will seek to expose the lockean definition of the state of nature as a retaliation against the monarchical patriarchy of Robert Filmer, as exposed in his Two Treatises. In the first one, we will also expatiate the need for the concept of the law of nature for the fulfillment of the main purpose of the lockean state: the full conservation of rights treated as fundamental. In the second chapter we will talk about the need for preservation of property in Lockean theory as a central point in his work. In the third, we will analyze the civil status: pact, division of power and the possibility of rebellion against a tyrant. We conclude by ratifying the high importance that Locke gives to individual freedom to the detriment of civil peace.