Bem-estar psicológico de estudantes universitários da graduação: fatores de risco, fatores de proteção e estratégias de cuidado em saúde mental

Abstract

The Psychological Well-Being (PWB) of undergraduate university students has been the subject of growing interest in scientific research as it is recognized as a multifaceted and central dimension of mental health. In this sense, this work proposed to present the risk factors and protective factors that influence PWB indices, in order to highlight effective mental health care strategies for this populational segment. Methodologically, it is research with a qualitative approach, based on an integrative review of articles published in Portuguese and English, available in full in the BVS-Psi and PubMed databases. The descriptors “psychological well-being”, “universities” and “mental health” or “psychological well-being”, “risk factors” and “protective factors” were used for BVS-Psi and PubMed, respectively, with 19studies being selected and analyzed. The results highlighted that academic work overload, high expectations, intense competition and uncertainty regarding the professional future are risk factors. It is also evident that the creation of strong social relationships and time management strategies combined with effective professional guidance are protective factors that help promote mental health in this population.