RELAÇÕES ENTRE ESQUEMAS INICIAIS DESADAPTATIVOS, QUALIDADE DO VÍNCULO PRIMÁRIO E VINCULAÇÃO MATERNO FETAL EM GESTANTES DE ALTO RISCO

Abstract

The history of mother and baby bonding can be observed already in the prenatal period, making it possible to identify factors that interfere in this process and that allow evaluating the expectations that the mother has about the fetus and the interaction she establishes with it. The present study aimed to investigate the relationships between initial maladaptive schemas (EID), quality of the bond with their primary caregivers and maternal-fetal attachment in high-risk pregnant women. To this end, research with a quantitative, descriptive and relational design was carried out, using a non-probabilistic convenience sample, with 152 pregnant women assisted by the High Risk Prenatal Care of a maternal and child hospital. The instruments used include the sociodemographic questionnaire, the Young Schema Questionnaire in brief form (YSQ – S3), the Maternal-Fetal Bonding Scale (MFAS-Br) and the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI). The collected data were analyzed using the JASP version 18.1 program and descriptive statistical analysis was performed using frequency, mean (M) and standard deviation (SD) measurements. Next, regression analysis using structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to verify the explanatory power of EIDs (independent variables) on AMF intensity (dependent variable). The results of the quantitative analysis did not indicate statistically significant changes in this relationship. However, the Distrust/Abuse scheme presented a borderline p-value, indicating a possible positive predictive capacity. Few study participants (15.8%) showed activation of abandonment and distrust/abuse schemes and the analysis of sociodemographic data revealed that 61.8% of participants considered they received a lot of support from the social network and a lot of support from the baby's father (81 .6%). Such results highlight possible mediators and other factors that may affect AMF formation and the relationship with EIDs. Partner support, understood associal support, can explain the hypoactivation of the two main schemes presented, configuring itself as a protective factor for AMF, highlighting the need for increasing inclusion of the partner throughout prenatal care and in future research. The results also made it possible to highlight the limitations of the study, indicating the need for more research on this topic with a larger number of participants. With the data analyzed, it was possible to develop the following products: (1) integrative review article about maternal-fetal attachment in high-risk pregnant women; (2) article reporting empirical research; (3) psychoeducational video about the relationships between maternal-fetal attachment and early maladaptive schemas, aimed at high-risk pregnant women and their families.