Capacidade de implementação de políticas públicas municipais: contribuições dos constructos teórico-metodológicos da administração política.

Abstract

In Brazil, from the promulgation of the Federal Constitution of 1988 (CF), the federal government assumed the responsibility for the formulation of public policies and the municipalities were in charge of their implementation. However, this political-institutional separation between the conception and execution of governed actions has produced damage to the quality and social well-being, as this dichotomy has made it impossible to maintain the necessary maintenance between the political and technical dimensions that make up the administrative phenomena. For the theory of Political Administration, these two aspects (political and technical) represent the concepts and practices of “management” and “administrative management”, respectively. The terms “management” and “administrative management” were translated into Portuguese as “gestão” and “gerência", respectively. In general terms, the "management" dimension reflects the theoretical-analytical foundations of public policies. And "administrative management" reflects the technical-operational bases necessary for its full implementation. Based on this theoretical-methodological construct, this doctoral thesis defines the general objective of analyzing how the capacity for local implementation of the public policy of the PDDE – Programa Dinheiro Direto na Escola contributes to the validation of predictions of thinking (management) and acting (Administrative management) of the Theory of Political Administration. With regard to methodological strategies, the work adopted systemic epistemology, with emphasis on the critical theoretical-methodological approach of Political Administration, favoring exploratory and descriptive research methods and using quantitative resources, through the use of statistical techniques of Structural Equation Modeling and Confirmatory Composite Analysis. Field research data were collected from December 2021 to March 2022, in a cross-sectional way. The analysis matrix focused on identifying the existing interrelationships between “management” and “administrative management” to assess the capacity to implement the PDDE based on the observation of six main dimensions: (1) institutional design of the policy; (2) physical, financial, and human resources; (3) implementing bureaucrats; (4) social participation; (5) intergovernmental relationship; and (6) local context. The empirical results validated the hypotheses raised, confirming that the referred dimensions (management and administrative management) manifest themselves in an inseparable way, which allowed sustaining the central argument raised in this thesis that the conceptual (political) and instrumental dimensions reflected in the management and are interdependent and cannot be conducted separately. Statistical analyzes confirmed that the institutional design of public policy, intergovernmental relations and social participation remained, in a retained manner, to guarantee publics and society to improve the management capacity of public policy. In the managerial scope, the data prove that the dimensions of planning and allocation of physical, financial and human resources and the performance of bureaucrats (managers) created to qualify the technical-operational capacity, that is, of implementation of public actions.