Diagnostico das áreas de risco de deslizamento mapeadas pela Defesa Civil de Salvador em 2016.

Abstract

The historical record of landslides in Salvador shows that it is among the municipalities most likely to experience accidents associated with mass movements on slopes. Driven by the latest events with fatal victims in 2015, municipal management has been working on the construction of technical and administrative instruments, aiming to prevent the occurrence of new disasters. In this context, in 2016 a Risky Areas Mapping project was developed by the Civil Defense, in order to produce updated maps of the potentially risky areas of the City, thus subsidizing risk management. This project resulted in the mapping of 31 risk areas, of which 25 presented landslides as the main source of risk, while the others are characterized by the predominance of flooding risks. The areas are geologically located in two main domains, the Cristalino Complex of Salvador, which hosts about 81% of the areas, and the Recôncavo Basin. In general, the areas occupy the parts of the relief where the highest slopes and altitudes of the municipality are found. The diagnosis obtained from the field observations revealed that, although water is the main triggering agent of landslides, the risk scenario of the areas is often associated with factors resulting from urban occupation, such as the absence of a drainage system, construction slopes, dumps and sewage discharge, and the launching of garbage on the slopes, considered predisposing agents to landslide.