Análise espacial para aplicação de instrumentos da política urbana e recuperação de mais valia fundiária em áreas no entorno de estações de transporte

Abstract

This research contributes to the development of methodologies for the application of urban policy instruments, aimed at recovering the added value of urban land in cities, arising from investments in urban mobility. A study is carried out in the municipality of Salvador-Ba, Brazil. Initially, there are conceptual studies on the added value of urban land, on the instruments of urban policy, used in the planning and management of land use and occupation, with the interference of various public and private agents, and on the concept of TOD - Transport Oriented Development, in an integrated vision of transport planning and urban land use. The processes of formation and recovery of urban land value in cities are discussed, focusing on situations that occur in areas surrounding high-capacity transport stations, valued due to the application of predominantly public investments. The objective is to build a methodology to assist in the application of these instruments. The research methodology uses hierarchical multi-criteria analysis – AHP, with the help of a Geographic Information System – GIS, and weighting of the criteria considered most important, spatialized within a radius of 1 km from the stations on lines 1 and 2 of the Salvador Metro, such as: Standard Unit Value of Land - VUPT, real estate market preferences, diversity of activities, slope, walking distance to stations, per capita income and connectivity with the transport system. The results demonstrated that it is possible to achieve representation of the areas considered most prone to real estate appreciation and, therefore, recommended for application of the instruments, based on better definition, delimitation and/or regulation.