O direito humano ao saneamento no município de Paulo Afonso-BA: análise acerca da captação e tratamento de águas servidas

Abstract

This dissertation proposes to verify compliance with the human right to sanitation in the municipality of Paulo Afonso-BA, based on an analysis of the collection and treatment of wastewater in the municipality. The discussion of the topic was carried out based on the construction of the research problem, which corresponds to the following question: Starting from the conception of sanitation as a human right and carrying out a legal analysis regarding the institutionalization of the Municipal Basic Sanitation Plan (PMSB) of Paulo Afonso-BA, it is possible to affirm that the destination of wastewater promotes and respects human rights to basic sanitation? Taking the problem highlighted as an initial reference, the research hypothesis was outlined, which is: the human right to sanitation can be guaranteed since the company providing water treatment and sewage collection and treatment services is committed to adapt to the new basic sanitation framework and the actions and plans foreseen in the MBSP of Paulo Afonso-BA. The research was structured into three chapters that correspond to the specific objectives set out in the research project. The first chapter studied the legislation relating to the human right to sanitation within the UN and at the national level; the second was created to analyze the historical aspects of meeting the right to sanitation (sewage collection and treatment) in the municipality of Paulo Afonso, based on the MBSP; the third focused on analyzing the guarantee of the human right to sanitation, in the municipality of Paulo Afonso, based on a look at financial, administrative and operational indicators of the MBSP and other public databases. The hypothesis raised was verified in the third chapter and the result of the investigation found, through the analysis of data from several databases and the MBSP, that the human right to sanitation is being satisfactorily guaranteed in the municipality of Paulo Afonso- B.A. In this sense, the dissertation proposal, which aimed to make a contribution to solving the problem highlighted, consisted of promoting an update of information and indicators regarding sewage collection and treatment in the municipality of Paulo Afonso, especially due to the fact that the deadlines for reviewing the MBSP has already been exhausted and the execution deadline for the São Francisco River Basin Plan is already coming to an end. The chosen approach method was inductive. The procedure method, in turn, was monographic. The research technique was documentary and bibliographic. In conclusion, the need for greater commitment from the Public Power to achieve the goals, plans and actions set out in the MBSP was considered, since several of these items are far from being achieved.