O papel do estado no desenvolvimento social e econômico em Angola a partir do final da guerra civil

Abstract

This study analyzes the role of the State in social and economic development in Angola from the end of the civil war, during the period from 2002 to 2017. Following the path of economist Amartya Sen, we discuss development as a process of expanding people's freedoms and capabilities in Angola, mainly as a result of progress in health, education and income, as well as the role of the Angolan State in these areas. Furthermore, we explore the evolution of Peter Evans' thinking on the theoretical conditions under which the State can act to promote the development of a country. The results found show that, after 2002, the country's development is remarkable, years of rapid growth driven by the rise in oil production and prices on the international market helped in the reconstruction of infrastructure and in the formulation of the country's public policies. However, high levels of poverty, inequality and regional disparities still persist in Angola, affecting several regions, from Cabinda to Cunene. In this sense, the study uses the Human Development Index (HDI) and other complementary measures, such as the size of income measured by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, the size of education measured by the schooling index (which takes into account the average years of study of the population) and the dimension of health measured by life expectancy at birth, to capture different dimensions of people's well-being and quality of life. To achieve the proposed objectives, the study is characterized as exploratory, descriptive and explanatory research, relying on historical analysis and secondary quantitative data, using the database of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), Center for Studies and Scientific Research by the Catholic University of Angola (CEIC), National Bank of Angola (BNA), Ministry of Finance (MLNFIN) and the National Statistics Institute of Angola (INE).