Cores, deficiência visual e figuras de linguagem: interfaces à luz da multissensorialidade na audiodescrição de As cores no mundo de Lúcia

Abstract

The present thesis aims to investigate the possible interfaces between colors, visual impairment and audio description from the support of linguistic resources in the process of color perception. Having as participants a blind audio description consultant from Santa Catarina, and 8 adults, blind and with low vision, aged between 40 and 65 years, enrolled in an education and rehabilitation institution for people with visual impairment, located in Salvador – BA. The general objective of this study is to understand the means by which visually impaired people construct their representation of colors through multisensory workshops. The specific objectives are: (i) to describe the possible meanings of colors for the visually impaired; (ii) identify the types of linguistic resources that can be used to speak in color with a visually impaired person; (iii) demonstrate that audio description favors the contact of visually impaired people with visual elements; (iv) verify the associations in the linguistic, emotional and sensory spheres of the visually impaired person may occur from contact with colors; (v) to propose the possibility that visually impaired people can, based on the reading of "Colors in Lucia's world", reorganize their knowledge of the world about colors. Considering that visually impaired people have the right to information in any images, this research contributes to the possibility of a collective reconstruction of an audio description script to provide other blind or low vision people with access to reading, specifically illustrated books and their rich and creative images. As a theoretical contribution, the studies of accessibility, visual impairment and legislation on books and reading (Brazil, several) are presented; Color Theories, Semiotics, Multimodality, Multisensoriality, and Anthropology of the Senses (Goëthe, [1810] 2013; Heller, 2013; Berlin & Kay, 1969; Guimarães, 2004; Peirce, 2005; Santaella, 1998, 2012, 2017; Kress & Leeuwen, 2001; Le Breton, 2014); studies on Audiovisual Translation and Audio Description (Araújo, 2016; 2008; Diaz Cintas, 2017); and Picture Books: Concepts, Types, and Text-Image Relationships (Nikolajeva & Scott, 2011; Salisbury & Styles, 2013; Linden, 2018). To meet the proposed objectives, this study was divided into 03 parts: the first consisted of the elaboration of an audio description script of the work of Santos and Nascimento (2010); the second involved the analysis of the profile of the participants, the elaboration and subsequent application of multisensory workshops; The third, 09 multisensory workshops were organized for data collection, which, based on activities with concrete materials, provided the generation of the necessary data to meet the proposed objectives. The work selected for this purpose was The Colors in Lucia's World, written by Jorge Fernando dos Santos and illustrated by Denise Nascimento. In an attempt to reconstruct and privilege the process of verifying the presence of colors based on linguistic resources, this thesis accesses the backstage of the revision and subsequent adaptation of the text originally produced by the author, through Genetic Criticism (Biasi, 2010) and Content Analysis (Bardin, 2016), with subsequent evaluations of the erasures initially produced and, finally, subsequent analysis, categorization and discussion of information that could meet the research objectives. The results revealed the need for public policies that favor accessibility to reading. In addition, the study showed a linguistic reality of visually impaired people, who need concrete materials that instigate their curiosity, specifically regarding the use of resources such as metaphors, similes and synesthesia. Finally, they also revealed that audio description, specifically of illustrated books, provides visually impaired readers with unlimited reading possibilities, enriched with the use of multisensory materials, thus valuing their repertoires of the world and the elaboration of new concepts and reflections on their potentialities.